Wrong Alternator?

If what you meant by the small bolt holding the male tab is this one, that's the terminal for the brush.
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It should have an insulating washer on under it.
If the insulation is damaged or washer missing, those parts are easily available and you can replace them yourself.
Here's the insulated brush holder and brushes.
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Stepping back, when electricity flows through the rotor's windings, that creates a spinning electromagnetic field. 'Field' is short for electromagnetic field.
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