What is going on with these rod bearings?

I wouldn't re-use those brgs. Brgs are not that expensive & those brgs are pitted, whatever the cause might be. Pitting doesn't fix itself but it sure can get worse...
I agree, never reuse brgs for any reason. Even if you do a tear down on a low mileage engine that you have just got, put new bearings in it. As stated earlier, I have to agree that it looks like the bearings suffered from the lack of regular oil changes.