Seized Drum Brake

Assuming it loosens up a little bit, which direction do I need to be spinning it to loosen them? FSM says to 'pry up'. Assuming this to mean that I rotate the top of the star wheel away from me (if I'm behind the drum looking through those access holes)?

That is correct. A lot of the time the adjuster seizes up and can be quite a pain to loosen. Like pishta said there is probably a ridge in the drum that won't allow it to come past the shoes. If you can grind the head off the pin on both sides then you can pull it more to maybe get in there and get things moving.