elcetricity question

Here's what I'd do. Get/ find an old school 2-fuse disconnect that uses the same screw in fuses as your original stuff

Looks like this:



I doubt you can buy them new, go to the used/ thrift shops, or do you have a recycled building materials place in your area?

Identify what runs the range or dryer, I'm thinking the far left cartridge block. Come off that with some no10, run over to your disconnect, and you'll need a neutral and ground. That doesn't look like "three wire" so that means the neutral IS the ground. You can NOT, however use the neutral (same wire) for the "third wire" ground. In other words, a two wire system like that (one hot for 120v, and the neutral) you do not HAVE a third wire ground.

For that welder, you only need one fuse in the box, but wire it with two hot legs, one to each fuse, and you can put up to 30A in there with no10 wire.

It won't hurt to run no10 with ground from there to the welder, and if you need to "cheat" and use a 240 welder, you can convert that box/ wiring to 240 just by changing the neutral (white) into a hot leg by hooking to the second fuse

None of this meets code, but you are kind'a in a rock and a hard place, here.

If you were to "do this right" it might get rather expensive, hell you might need new service from the pole, along with a new box, and tryin to find a way to ground all the outlets.

AND speaking of outlets, in a pinch you do NOT need to ground the outlet. You can install a GFCI outlet and run it WITHOUT a ground, but I believe the code says it must be so marked.

The thing about using a used old school disconnect, is it looks sorta like it "belongs"

Let your concience be your guide. Buy smoke alarms. Buy several good ones.