Overcharging Issue & Car Start Issue

My guess is that you have a short circuit to ground somewhere. That might explain why you get so much current out of the alternator but the battery voltage holds steady (doesn't overcharge). Perhaps the battery itself has an internal short (sorry if you replaced, I didn't re-read the whole thread). Otherwise, 14.5 V regulation with the engine running is about perfect. That is what I see on my modern cars using a cigarette lighter type volt meter.