Camshaft degree

Yes. Forget your degree wheel and imagine your stock balancer, all put together with the timing cover. If you check the factory marks, you use the same basic method, only you can use a stop in the piston hole.

Imagine the piston is coming up at stops "at some point." As the piston comes up, the balancer is approaching TDC but cannot "get there" because it's stopped. You make a mark on the balancer UNDER the TDC mark (pointer)

Now if you rotate the engine the opposite direction, the piston will stop, coming up, TO THE SAME POINT, because (I hope) you have not changed the stop. Now, the timing marks are approaching TDC FROM THE OPPOSITE engine direction.

You now make a SECOND mark under the TDC pointer onto the balancer wheel. What do you have?

THREE marks on the wheel, the first temp, the original TDC mark, and the second temp mark.

True TDC will be HALF WAY between the two temp marks you have made, and if the original mark is still correct, that is where it will be.

You have a way with words, great explanation.