Firewall gaskets. Sure if you raise the hood and spray water right at them they may leak.
They wont leak excessively in normal conditions. This same foam gasket material was used at rear bumper brackets and many other holes in the body where water, dust, air noise, fumes, ants, etc.. might pass through. It never was a water tight seal. Just filled small voids between parts.
Wiper pivots to cowl is the one place where the same gasket material was used along with a bead of caulk. I suppose one could ad a bead of caulk to all of them.
I'm really not certain what is up or down in your posted picture but it looks like that leak is in the body welded seam(s) where several parts are welded together to create the cowl to A-pillar transition.
