Worth it to put headers on a 318?

Worth it? As far as performance, probably not. You're committed to 600 CFM on the intake end. That means that you need to blow 300 CFM out of each manifold. I really don't know the flow rate of a 318 manifold but you'd think it has to be above 300. If not a set of 360 manifolds should certainly be above 300 CFM. I'd do that long before a set of headers.

Actually your reasoning is flawed. The reason of course is the burning of gasoline, which not only increases CFM, it increases flow because of heat. If an engine outputted the same cfm as it took in, it would not be generating any energy.

Frankly I'd say this setup is borderline. A set of headers might give a few more HP, but may not be worth it for expense and installation hassle, etc