Long! Ford Explorer! Related DD help.

The voltage means nothing if you don't know "under what conditions" you are getting that voltage

Low voltage AT THE BATTERY TERMINALS and I'm not talking about on the battery terminal clamps, I'm saying with the meter stabbed directly into the battery POST

1--can be a discharged battery, or one going bad

2--can be a hell of a lot of current being drawn by the starter or whatever, or just a "cheap" low current output battery

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Low voltage right at the starter could be

1--again battery, which is why you must measure battery voltage, CABLE voltage and figure voltage drop, and figure "is this at the starter, through the cables, or at the battery

2--If battery v is a little higher but starter is low, could be terminal clamps, internal corrosion inside cables, or other bad connections. or

3--a hell of a lot of current being drawn by the starter, in this case the battery is new, 'up' and can put out enough current that the voltage does not drop

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I've preached this before. You can either throw parts at it all day, and if it's cheaper to buy parts than troubleshoot, that's OK. Otherwise, scare up what is known as a "carbon pile" tester and someone who knows how to use it

What you are looking at below ( a random pic I found) is that the battery is being dragged down to 10 v AT SEVEN HUNDRED AMPS!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!