70 Dart Stopped Charging

That silver block is the starter relay. It is not an issue for this problem.

The voltage coming out of the 2 wires in the VR connector....was that very near to 12 volts? If so, then that is normal with the VR unplugged. one or the leads feeds the 12v to run the VR, and the other is the connection to the one side of the alternator's field winding. If I understand your readings, they show that the alternator's field is basically OK.

Also check the terminals up inside the VR connector see if they are clean and not spread out; these can have poor contact at times.

The next test should be to measure the voltage of both of the small terminals on the back of the alternator when things are running and everything connected; just be careful with yourself and the voltmeter leads with the belts and pulley! Have the VM - (black) lead connected to a good ground. (These 2 wires look to be blue and blue/white....is that right?) One should have close to 12v and the other should be lower. Report back the actual voltages that you measure (as in 12.1v or 6.3v).