What are these parts & how do I test them?

I got my pictures out of order so sorry about calling the first one a voltage regulator. I knew it.

Anyway, I know that the starter relay will not fire the starter with a screw driver. I tried it already. But, I am not sure if all the wiring is done right on the clutch pedal safety switch. So let me jump that connection and try again or should I just go buy a starter relay and them jump that safety switch connection?

This is incorrect. I can fire the starter with a screwdriver when i jump the starter relay terminals.