318 running rough and losing vacuum when in gear.

You said the timing has to be very advanced in order for it to idle. Did you check to see if it jumped time or not?
This x2 sounds like it jumped a tooth. From my experience they tend to jump upon shut down. I believe 318 is an interference engine so if it jumps a few teeth valves will clash. Also I don't believe 340 uses the same balance on the converters if it was a cast crank. Pull your plugs, pull distributor cap, socket and breaker bar on the crank nut , turn it over forward and pull it back and observe rotor. It will tell you if you have excessive slack in the chain. Don't keep starting it and shutting it off. The lack of vacuum also indicates this.