Temperature gauge does not work on my 1970 340 Duster ?

Start the engine and it immediately moves to the bottom or cool position.

This indicates some electrical problem to me. Check block to body grounding, and CLUSTER TO BODY grounding. That is a known problem. The cluster is (poorly, OEM) grounded via the cluster mounting screws. Attach a ground pigtail to a ground point on the board, and bolt that to the column support.

One good way of insuring the block-to-body ground is good is to use a short "starter" cable, that is, eyelet to eyelet, bolted to the rear of the driver side head, and bolted to the firewall, or master cylinder mounting stud.