This post indicates the cooling system at idle is doing it's job , thermostat temp(ish) coming out top hose , rad dumping enuff heat to cool at idle, pump circulating.
Now, at speed the partial plugged rad could not keep up with the added heat cuz it's effectively too small, and the temp creeps up till the faulty guage makes you uncomfortable.
If you pulled to the side of the road it woulda cooled down.
On top of that your believing a guage you know not accurate.
Does the engine now overheat at speed ? What's the upper rad hose temp in the "overheat" condition, engine still running ?