I have no Idea where to start

And it has one side going to s valve cover just not the other. It starts and runs and theres not alot of vapor coming out of the valve covers so I'm guessing the rings shouldnt be too bad.
Missing the PCV valve and hose connection to the base of the carb. You can get those at any parts store. That provides a metered amount of air at idle, so if that's missing or plugged, the mix will be off.

There is a gap between the alternator and the head, where I guess the A/C comp bracket would go and be a spacer(?).
Yes there is a second spacer on non-a/c set ups. If someone doesn't have, you can buy a spacer from an industrial supply and cut to length.

There is only one heater core hose from the block, no other hoses, and I dont know where the other one would go from the heater core to the....???
Water pump. Yours has a pipe plug there.

And the passenger fender has holes where stuff used to be mounted. Not sure what.
Side marker light.