idle?

If you don't have any vacuum leaks then the fact that you close the choke a little and it speeds up points to junk in the idle circuit.
Here's what I do very first thing when I run across this scenario.

Turn your idle screws in all the way counting the turns it takes to bottom them out lightly.
Pull both screws and shoot each hole with a healthy shot of WD, PB Blaster or whatever you have laying around. (what it is does not really matter)
Then hit each hole with a good shot of compressed air.

Put your idle screws back in and bottom them out lightly again, the count the turns backing them out until you are at about the same turns they were.

This does it pretty much every time.

When you change pumps or even filters there is almost always something that breaks loose and ends up in the bottom of the float bowl/s and gets into the idle circuits.
The fluid sprayed in them before the air shot helps to carry the junk out of them.

This is easy to do and like I said, it works really well.
I did all that before I changed the pump/filter but I can do it again. Idle circuit is what I figured but that probable slack timing chain I can see being a problem but not at idle.
I hate buying a remamed carb as that has always been a crapshoot, I rather find a member here that just took off a GOOD working Carter 2 bbl and is changing over to a 4 bbl. I thought about changing to a 4 bbl,also,. I have 2 625cfm used carbs, but need the intake. My carbs are no telling what condition!!
I still remember the good old days when I could take a core to my good machine shop and have a quality rebuild! Buy a new Edelbrock and BOOM!!