1965 Dart Charging System Question

Updated with this mornings info.
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Differences
0.2 V Battery positive to relay
0.0 V Relay to firewall
0.2 V Firewall to main splice
0.3 V Main splice to Regulator

Would like to see zero between battery and the relay since that's a bigger cable with ring or clamp type terminals. Otherwise typical. Lots of connections including the ignition switch between the main splice and the regulator. So some loss there is expected.

Yes. Get the battery charged on a charger and see if it will recover and/or get a new one.

My rules of thumb are:
Fully charged, good condition. 12.8 V with no load. 12.2 to 12.5 with small load. Above 10 V during start.

During and immediately after charging, a battery will develop a surface charge at a slighly higher voltage. So on a good battery, it might show 13.2 Volts immediately after shutting off the engine. That will disapate pretty quickly.