it's my father's 76 dodge, he bought new. am keeping it to honor his memory. he loved it

1976 has some unique wiring, but as far as I know the fuel gauge is the same as previous years.

There's a couple of ways to test the gage alone.
I think the most complete test is to connect the gage to a 10 to 74 ohm resistor or variable resistor and supply it with power from the instrument voltage regulator.

If the instrument voltage regulator is unavailable or not safely accessible, then some other 5 to 6 volt power supply will be needed.

Thermal-Electric Gauges (Session 227) from the Master Technician's Service Conference

Here are some easier preliminary tests:
You might measure you gauges with an ohm meter before you pass judgement. You should get about 13-20 ohms if they are good

A 6 volt high amp lantern battery could cause a crusty gauge to do what it wouldn't do in the car with proper input. 3 volts should get needle movement a tad more than half the range.

So it is safe to put 3 volt power source directly across the gauges with no additional load?
Yep, 2 double As to make up a 3 volt supply.