Alternator not charging + multiple meltdowns…HELP!!!

Step one: stop splicing ****.

Step two: get a diagram, make it match that.
One wire at a time, with the battery disconnected. After each wire, hook up battery, verify no melty smoky sparky sparky.

My guess is, since you're not blowing fuses as you should, is that the wires are melted through and shorted inside the harness somewhere.
THERE MAY NOT be "fuses to blow." NONE of the ignition "run" circuit is fused