How does cid make power?

HP is work. A 512 is 22% larger than a 400. So the 400 needs to turn 22% more revs to match the HP potential. But like @33IMP says: why not turn the 512 22% faster again? This gets completely circular in a hurry. The 512 will do more at a lower rpm - which is a good thing because reality sucks compared to thought experiments.

To turn the 512 22% higher you would need to upgrade the whole top end, the 400 can spin 22% higher with similar top end as the 512.