Will this 71 a833 work in my 68?

Yes. It has a higher first gear (lower numerically) than the '68 transmision would, 2.47 rather than 2.66. Otherwise it's pretty-much identical, although it has better synchronizers and an arguably-worse side cover (just a bit more of a pain to service).
I have one in my 340/4 speed with 3.91 rear. I thought I would run out of gear quick in 1st but it really is nice. Only issue I ever had was broken fork (brass) I swapped it out in car and drove home.
Good street transmission.