Why are the 11.75 Brake Better?

you mention some very meaningful things here that are subtle nuances most gloss over.

small upgrades can reap huge benefits if the recipe is just right. things like when you have the correct master cylinder bore, with the correct caliper bore you can increase your braking power without increasing the force needed at the pedal. the same for adding stainless flex lines in place of rubber can give better pedal feed back.

i upgraded a car for a client from 10.98's to the cross drilled/slotted 11.75's and some decent pads and it was a noticeable difference. then when combined with a 17" rim and larger rubber they could really be put to use and made for an even better system.

It all makes a difference, small changes add up.

But eventually you have to put it all on the road. Like @hemi71x ’s experience shows- he already had 2.75” calipers because his car was an E-body, and rocking old bias ply tires, or even all season white letter radials, is going to limit the improvement you see in the real world. Yeah, the brakes work 8% better, which is a big improvement. But if the tires are already capped out, you might not see much of a difference on the road. And unless you actually measure stopping distance it will be hard to tell, your “butt dyno” might not notice a foot or two of stopping distance, even if that might make a difference in an emergency situation