I think I'm missing a nut.

Yes, I suspected that. Looks like the correct length would be 2". Whaddya think? Also, am I turning my motor in the correct direction, Rusty? Can I do any damage to it if I turn it the wrong direction?
You're turning it the right way if you're turning it clockwise as viewed from the front. And I believe from your convoluted description, that's what you're doing. lol And no, you cannot hurt the engine turning it the wrong direction. Clockwise as viewed from the front is how it runs.