Changing gauge cluster light bulbs - How To

Well if its one bulb, study the illumination pattern it should be obvious which area is shadowed.

The difference in voltage is unquestionably an influence on brightness.
In addition to the diffenence in uspply voltage between running on battery and running on alternator, there is the differnce across the bulb. In practical terms, if there is poor grounding, then the voltage across the bulb will be reduced.
I bring this up because I don't see the ground wire in your cluster photo. Is in neccessary? Probably not. Does it help, surely yes.

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