The reason is specific output and fuel economy. A smaller turbocharged 4 cylinder can make the 250-300 hp required for a small **** box car to have acceleration on par with most modern cars on the road while also being able to throw down 20-30 mpgs. But they don’t test mileage at heavy throttle inputs. Same with smog. They do all the testing under very light/no load situations where efficiency is high and power output is low.