65 Dart Alternator Not Charging

They are resisters for the electro mechanical VR.

the ones without the resisters are typically fully electronic. But they do not function the same as the modern electronic with the v shaped connector.

You can temporally provide 12v to the single field terminal alternators field terminal.

That will "full field" the alternator and provide 16-18 volts to the system.

SO ONLY DO THIS FOR A FEW SECONDS.
be sure everything that can be turned off off is turned off.

This proves the alt works.

Then if you are not getting any voltage from the output of the voltage regulator that would indicate the VR is bad. The older electromechanical ones have a couple wires inside that act like fuses if the output is shorted.

Speaking of shorted... with the wire removed from the alt field terminal and from the VR, check that the wire is not grounded in any way.
I did your method of temporarily providing 12v to the field terminal, on both the dual field and single field. For the dual field, I would get a very brief jump from 12.2v to 12.5, then back down. For the single field terminal alt, it would jump from 12.2 to 12.45 and then if I held it for a second or two it would begin to climb up, not very quickly, and got up to about 12.55.

I also checked with the wire removed from the alt field terminal and the VR if there was a ground, but there was not, so it is isolated.

I've currently seen the most promise with my older single field alternator, since it jumped up and then began to climb when I applied 12v to the field terminal, so I may look into returning this dual field alternator, and then getting a solid state VR, since it was mentioned above that I can use the single field alternator with the solid state VR.

If I am to go with the older alternator and solid state VR, I would just need to get that triangular plug with it, and hook it up the same, right? Blue to dark blue going to the ballast, green to dark green going to the field?