do racy camshafts affect engine braking?

Here is my experience;
Since 1999, my 367, 4-speed Barracuda has had these three cams;
248/248/108 DC 292/508
223/230/110 Hughes HE2430AL
230/237/110 Hughes HE3038AL
The Scr has varied from 11.3 to 10.95
The CCP has varied from 185 to near 200.
I have run 3 Holleys; a 600VS, a 750VS, a 750DP, and
a Big Thermoquad, and an AVS 5XX off a 340 car
Variously, these combos have regularly run gears from 3.23s to 4.30s and several others on occasion.
The Transfer slot exposure underneath the Primaries has always been from square to a little bit taller than square, and the Idle-Timing has always been 12>14 degrees.

Engine-braking/compression-braking has never been an issue, and I cannot point to any iteration as being significantly different.

Nor has my vacuum brake-booster had an issue at any time other than at first start in the morning, when it takes a couple of blips on the throttle to charge the booster. By the time I have backed out of the carport and pointed the nose towards the street, she is ready to go. I never even think about it.
My F-body booster will haul the car down from hi-way speed to a stop, with the engine off and the trans in neutral, at least once, with full assist.

FYI
On the back, I have 295/50-15s, and 10x2 drums. I gutted my Proportioning valve and the back now gets the same hydraulic pressure as the front. The back now does a lotta work, and I wear out shoes back there between 2 and 3 times as often as front pads.
Car stops dang nice.

If anything, the thing that will increase/decrease compression braking, will be the amount of throttle opening. This will have a far greater effect than the cam.
This is something that YOU the tuner can change.