VERY hard to start after the car sits for a day or more.

I do take the air cleaner cover off to watch the accelerator pump while I work the throttle by hand. It is pumping a lot of fuel into the intake,

If you can see that happening, it means the choke plate isn't closed.

With the engine cold, the choke is about 1/4" from fully closed. It is the stock exhaust manifold heat riser choke rod mechanism for the Holley 1920. The electric wire is broken off / gone.

There y'go, thought so. The choke needs to close. And that broken-off wire means even if your existing choke were working correctly, it would be slow to open and you'd waste a lot of gas. Do as I described in post #2 of this thread; get the № 1231 electric choke kit, install per included instrux, adjust with intel from the factory service manual + the carb info I linked you to + this article, and you're all set to go.