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Ok, so the two clamps go on the battery or power source (I wish it had another nameplate with ratings on it) and then the two probes likely drive the "globe" which I assume is a vacuum tube, probably cathode-ray. It could possibly detect voltage signals between probes similar to a Oscilliscope but very low tech.
So my bet is it is a very old version of a high voltage wire tester (like a spark plug wire tester very early)
RGAZ