Just one more question: With sender in tank, reading 50 ohms and 10 gallons in tank, what did the gauge read? Still near just above empty? I would expect around a 1/4 tank indication with 50 ohms at the sender.
And since you checked and found the same 50 ohms at the kick panel connector, it sounds like your ground and wiring is good.
If the sender is reading 50 ohms with a true half tank, and the gauge is showing empty with just a couple of gallons, then the sender's resistance 'taper' is probably wrong. This is confirmed by your resistance readings in post #8 which are well off from where they should be in the center of the range. Non-linear 'taper' in rheostats was common in the 50's-70's to make variable resistors have a non-linear change in resistance versus position, which is needed in this Mopar gauge system.
If I were you, I would order some 1 watt resistors in values of 10, 22 or 24, and 72 ohms from
www.Mouser.com. Connect them one at a time to the sender wire, turn the key to RUN, and see if the gauge goes to full, 1/2, and empty with those 3 values. If so, then the gauge is good and the resistance taper on the rheostat of the sender likely is linear (and therefore incorrect.)
I would also take a resistance reading of the sender when the tank is full. If it is far off of 10 ohms, then the motion of the float and the senders full range of motion is not matched to the tank.
Have you checked the IVR output with your voltmeter? You can do this at either the fuel sender wire or the temp sensor wire with the wire disconnected and the key in RUN.