1.78/1.50-inch , You can put bigger valves in i.e 2.02-inch intake valves , but they will be shrouded by the small cylinders and wont do you any good. A good set of 302 casting swirl port heads from a mid 80s 318 will go on and flow well but depending on the year of your cylinder heads you may need to swap your intake.
To answer your first question....a lot will depend on how far your bore your block. 2.02's won't fit a stock bore.....1.88's will. As previously mentioned, getting the valve too close the cylinder wall will negatively effect the flow. Better to have a little smaller valve. Any head swap should have the CC's checked so you can stay around the compression ratio you want.
You may want to consider a different intake as well. SP 2P's have extremely small runners that are intended for fuel economy. Switching to a late model performer or other type intake would be better and would show an immediate performance improvement.