Lets put aside PCV for a minute – there are three ways you can go about evacuating crankcase vapours (gases).
Remember – the crankcase generates POSITIVE pressure – so gases are always looking to get out of the crankcase. This process CAN can create a re-cycling of air through the crank case..but it’s a relatively weak vacuum effect and the purging effect always takes precedence in a non-vacuum assisted system.
1 – Two lines from the crank case direct to a puke tank with a small air filter. The filter allows for the passage of gas but not moisture out of the bottle – Almost NO air gets drawn back into the crankcase through the bottle as the outward pressure is always greater due to the heating of the crankcase and the displacement of air by oil vapour in the crankcase.
Downsides:
– This system can create a smelly engine bay in excessive oil use situations because of the gases escaping the bottle.
– At low rpm, there is a build up of condensation in the crankcase which can cause premature bearing corrosion
NOTE - Running an oil breather in addition to this system is not advised – as you will purge oil vapour directly into the engine bay – there is NO ‘better route’ for the vapour to take – only to the bottle which is the same pressure bias as outside.
2 – This is a primitive vacuum assisted system. Two lines are run to the headers or exhaust and the exhaust gasses draw the oil vapour out from the crank case.
The issue with this type of system is that crankcase vapours are not constantly pressurised – at low RPM they are less disturbed and there is less oil vapour to displace the air -
Downsides
– Creates more pollution and only works better than a bottle when the exhaust gases are able to create enough pulse to such the gases from the crank case.
– At low rpm, there is a build up of condensation which can cause premature corrosion of bearings.
3 –PCV
This system uses MANOFOLD vacuum to help extract vapours at cruise and low rpm. The vacuum draws ope the valve and sucks gases into the combustion chambers. At high rpm, the crankcase vapours push past the PCV to find their own way to be re-burnt.
Downside – Re-burning of crankcase vapours pollutes the AF mixture to some extent. While this can be ‘tuned for’…in high performance motors which have some oil bypass, or older motors with excessive oil use, it can cause ignition issues such as detonation or fouled plugs.
4 – PCV + Puke tank
Some sustems use the PCV but put a puke tank in the system to condense out moisture before it enters the combustion system.
Others run a separate ‘catch can’, to capture vapours that escape when the motor is shut down – again protecting bearings and providing for the ‘recycling’ of fresh air through the crankcase.
In this case – air CAN enter the crank case because of the suction effect caused by the PCV line. This is the most efficient system.