Pretty simple "use your head."
1..........valve to piston interferance, did you check it? Minimum clearance is NOT with the piston at TDC, you have to check before, "coming up and over" and after
2.........Something serious wrong IE machinist improperly fitted all valves and stems are sticking
3.......Valve spring bind. You must check this
4.......You don't have the clearance you "thought" you had, IE you got clearance with the lifter compressed, now it's pumped up, and pxpxpxpxpxxxssssssst!!!
5......Wrong cam. This happened on here with a member........got a reversed ground marine cam, that is for a reverse rotation marine engine
6.......Cam installed wrong. Hey it's happened. Especially with "advance retard" cam drives, people get the sprocket marks mismatched
There are a few other reasons, this should get you thinking.