There is more power in a Holey carb, however, if you know how to modify a Carter, it can complete and compete well. Neither or that at the moment, were talking OOTB and such right? I think so.
IMO, if the car is a Hot Rod and not just a enjoyment toy, a Holley is probably the better carb to make power with.
Carters tend to hold a good tune, stay steady and offer excellent overall performance. Very good driveabilty. Jet it, set it, forget about it.
The Holley offers (IMO at least) more mid range torque and high RPM HP. Air entering the carb is nicer over the Carter. As far as more fuel, a lot depends on the state of tune and the actual booster used.
Some find more/better results with different boosters. I have not payed to much attention to it since I have stayed with the OE Carters, mostly due to cash flow. I have learned to make'em work and what they will tolerate. OE Carters do not a lot of cam duration. Once you start getting on the big side, they get cranky and need work.