Comments on my 340 plug under mag

-
If you want to compare with a distributor timing, like we did here, the areas outlined in blue are initial and mechanical advance. The area outlined in green is initial, plus mechanical and vacuum advance.
View attachment 1716403998


I don't know what sort of compression, heads, pistons and cam are in the engine, 32 at idle would be for extremely poor combustion and low density fill. A factory 340 would want around 12 - 15 degrees at 640 if emissions was not a concern. AFR around 13:1. A leaner mix will want a little more spark lead and probably will have to idle at 700 to 750 minimum.

Compared to factory timing, the WOT advance looks slow. But that's for an iron headed factory 340 and maybe other changes are at play.
Continuing with the distributor equivalent, there should be no vacuum advance below 6.5 "Hg (101 to 79 kPa MAP).
Between 6.5 "Hg and 10.5" Hg may be able to add in more spark lead. If the engine needs enrichment below 10.5"Hg, then it shpouldn't want more spark lead. That's the fundementals discussed in that other thread.

A MP distributor would provide timing something like this.
View attachment 1716404033
Thank you for taking the time to write this out. Also for the link. I do have a slow ramp purposely to avoid detonating. I don’t want to hit it hard under load but ease into timing.

The main issues I have is that this engine was set up for racing. High static compression around 205 psi/cylinder. A compression ratio that is probably too high guessing 11:1 (12.1 TRW pistons). Aggressive unknown solid lifter cam with iron heads and shitty 94 octane fuel with ethanol and an automatic trans.

So by adding such large amounts of timing BELOW idle helps prevent the engine from stalling when put in gear. It idles well at about 850-900 rpm and when put into gear does die and in fact only changes like 50 rpm. I couldn’t do this with the msd. This works real well.

Sorry stupid question what do you mean by “MP” Distributor? I am drawing a blank.

I an sure to have more tuning questions as I read and reread here.
 
I don't see why it couldn't be done on a chassis dyno, if it can do things like constant and step loads. Even if the dyno can do it the operators don't always know how. I've seen that twice. I was going ot try to learn but my relationship was mostly through the partner that left.


How do you load the engine to WOT at 3k with an inertia dyno.

If it’s an eddy current dyno you can load it down, but not with a straight inertia dyno.
 
How do you load the engine to WOT at 3k with an inertia dyno.

If it’s an eddy current dyno you can load it down, but not with a straight inertia dyno.
I agree. Can't do part throttle or hold an rpm full load on a inertia dyno. Dynojet has an eddy current option. But since I haven't used it myself, I can't say how to use it effectively. I just know its possible to do loading in two or three different ways.
 
Last edited:
I agree. Can't do part throttle or hold an rpm full load on a inertia dyno. Dynojet has an eddy current option. But since I haven't used it myself, I can't say how to use it effectively. I just know its possible to do loading in two or three different ways.


I know there are some full eddy current chassis dyno’s out there.

I haven’t talked to Tuner much this week. I might call him tonight or maybe tomorrow and ask him about it.

I know he’s had extensive conversations with Mr. Vaught (I think I’m spelling his name correctly) about the dyno testing at Ford.

And I think he’s used some eddy current dyno’s before.
 
I do have a slow ramp purposely to avoid detonating. I don’t want to hit it hard under load but ease into timing.
In general mopars like a shaped timing curve which Chrysler accomplished with a two stage distributor advance. Fast increase in timing advance above idle to 1400 - 1800 rpm, then slow it down. Engines that continue to get faster burn rates at higher and higher rpm need the advance to be slowed more. In general we see the 2 bbl equiped engines continue advancing at a faster rate; presumably because the higher rpm fill density is restricted by the carb as well as the cam timing.
what do you mean by “MP” Distributor?
Mopar Performance parts program. Chrysler's factory support for racers and hot rodders.
Before that it was called Direct Connection.
Here's a graph of the MP small block distributor timing vs rpm. This was meant for street and street strip and has a vacuum advance cannister on it. The advance curve is very similar to the ones on the non-emissions 273 4 bbl Hi-Performance engines.

The main issues I have is that this engine was set up for racing. High static compression around 205 psi/cylinder. A compression ratio that is probably too high guessing 11:1 (12.1 TRW pistons). Aggressive unknown solid lifter cam with iron heads and shitty 94 octane fuel with ethanol and an automatic trans.

And I gather you are using it as a dual purpose car street/strip.
I have had to work with not knowing the true compression - its frustrating not knowing but its not the end of the world.
205 is pretty decent cranking pressure especially with a radical cam. This combination is getting outside of my experience range.
I agree its possible that the WOT timing will be octane limited and worth being cautious there.
Pump gas, especially with eth, mostly slows up the early flame development. I would *think* high compression would minimize any issues from that.

The 'advantage' of an autotrans in tuning is that we can put it in gear at idle and see if the engine is or isn't making power.

So by adding such large amounts of timing BELOW idle helps prevent the engine from stalling when put in gear. It idles well at about 850-900 rpm and when put into gear does die and in fact only changes like 50 rpm. I couldn’t do this with the msd. This works real well.

That's kindof neat. A good example of how with computer controls we can do weird things.
A 50 rpm drop holding the same timing would be good on a stock engine and is great on a radical engine. Oh wait, you're saying the timing goes up as the rpm drop? Then it really wants the additional spark lead. The next question is why. Not enough enough fuel ? Reversion? I ask because with 205 psi it doesn't seem like the engine fundementally has low working compression at idle rpm.

Have you tried adding more fuel at idle?
This is a carbureted engine, right?
This is a little bit of a chicken and the egg situation. Not enough vacuum will mean less fuel gets pulled from the bowls, and what does get pulled into the intake isn't as well distributed and vaporized. Increasing the timing can help overcome that, and of course more spark lead is needed with slower burning situations.

that's probably what I'd investigate next,
 
Last edited:
This is a little bit of a chicken and the egg situation. Not enough vacuum will mean less fuel gets pulled from the bowls, and what does get pulled into the intake isn't as well distributed and vaporized. Increasing the timing can help overcome that, and of course more spark lead is needed with slower burning situations.

I just went through exactly this. Big RPM drop going into gear. Wound up using manifold vac to pull in a ton of advance to help. With the extra advance it took forever to warm up and needed a few minutes on the choke when to keep from dying when I put it in gear. The idle speed would also be too high once warm and if I adjusted it down then it was near impossible to keep running cold (or would stick once the carb cooled and shrunk!). Super annoying.
So I started over and went back to ported vacuum (static 12 deg at idle), then set the idle mix and idle rpm in-gear while warm. It wound up MUCH richer (2-2 1/8 turns out instead of 3/4 out) but now it fires off very easy when cold and can come off the choke in seconds. It also never dies going into gear or when coming to a stop while cold. The idle drop is also just under 100 rpm.

The two other hopped up engines I drive in the summer have gone through similar tuning routines. Lots of advance helped to mask fueling issues, but once I dialed in the fuel they simply run better with modest inital timing (18-22d) and ported vac advance. The most notable improvement is that they are no longer cranky when cold, but they simply run better overall.

My Fitech efi has 'idle stability spark control' to help control the idle, but for reference it adds 2~5 deg of advance when the idle dips (between 40 and 250rpm dip) and removes 1~2 deg when it surges a little higher (50-100rpm). I've actually reduced the numbers a bit to help keep it smoother so my idle advance stays about 20-24. It doesn't really take 10 degree swings to keep the idle stable when the fueling isn't super lean at idle.
 
I just went through exactly this. Big RPM drop going into gear. Wound up using manifold vac to pull in a ton of advance to help. With the extra advance it took forever to warm up and needed a few minutes on the choke when to keep from dying when I put it in gear. The idle speed would also be too high once warm and if I adjusted it down then it was near impossible to keep running cold (or would stick once the carb cooled and shrunk!). Super annoying.
So I started over and went back to ported vacuum (static 12 deg at idle), then set the idle mix and idle rpm in-gear while warm. It wound up MUCH richer (2-2 1/8 turns out instead of 3/4 out) but now it fires off very easy when cold and can come off the choke in seconds. It also never dies going into gear or when coming to a stop while cold. The idle drop is also just under 100 rpm.

The two other hopped up engines I drive in the summer have gone through similar tuning routines. Lots of advance helped to mask fueling issues, but once I dialed in the fuel they simply run better with modest inital timing (18-22d) and ported vac advance. The most notable improvement is that they are no longer cranky when cold, but they simply run better overall.

My Fitech efi has 'idle stability spark control' to help control the idle, but for reference it adds 2~5 deg of advance when the idle dips (between 40 and 250rpm dip) and removes 1~2 deg when it surges a little higher (50-100rpm). I've actually reduced the numbers a bit to help keep it smoother so my idle advance stays about 20-24. It doesn't really take 10 degree swings to keep the idle stable when the fueling isn't super lean at idle.
So you added a richer idle via the two idle mix screws? Any idea what the AF is at idle? Mine seems to make my eyes water when if fires up like it’s plenty rich however I am starting to winder if it in fact needs to be more fat as it no longer fires up on the first crank ever and it did with prior tunes.

The me tuin of masking a lean condition with added advance also is making me think about this tune more.

Does an AF even help with these idle tuning questions?
 
So you added a richer idle via the two idle mix screws? Any idea what the AF is at idle? Mine seems to make my eyes water when if fires up like it’s plenty rich however I am starting to winder if it in fact needs to be more fat as it no longer fires up on the first crank ever and it did with prior tunes.

The me tuin of masking a lean condition with added advance also is making me think about this tune more.

Does an AF even help with these idle tuning questions?


A lean miss will smell like that.

Just because it’s making gas that makes your eyes water at idle doesn’t mean it’s rich.

My advice is put the O2 away for awhile. Learn to tune without it, and then use it after that.

Never tune to a number.
 
So you added a richer idle via the two idle mix screws?
If you have a Holley 4150 type carb, then the transfer slot needs to be ballpark correct first.
Then the mix screws are for fine tuning the slow idle.
On a really radical engine its usually neccessary to bypass some air to get the idle throttle position. Old school way is to drill holes in the throttle plates. I've done that and still think its fine to do so. But there are other methods used that are clever. One is to crack the secondaries. Another is Bill Jones method one company calls "Idle-eze" but you can do it yourself. Another method is to use the PCV valve.
Any idea what the AF is at idle?

I can't answer for Phreakish but non-smogged engines idled a lot richer than most people think.
I'll quote Tuner here:
I suppose it sounds crazy nowadays, but before smog tuning started in the mid '60s 5% to 6% CO was a normal idle adjustment for slowest smooth idle.

If we look at the relationship of AFR to CO, 12:1 is just under 6%, and 13:1 is about 4.5% CO.
1747090720329.png


That's good for our understanding, but the WBO2 is not to be fully trusted. Especially at idle and especially when combustion is not doing standard predictable things. I agree with "don't tune for a number" Our real goal is to make as good of power as we can at idle rpm.

I think the reason engines need rich mix at idle is that they make very little power. When we put the selector in gear or slip the clutch without touching the throttle, it easily could be close to maximum the engine can produce at that rpm. In fact some engines can't go into gear without stalling unless we open the throttle.

Might be worth looking at some text book info about AFR needs.
 

I was taught years ago to set ignition timing and tune the carburetor in gear with an auto trans, even with a stock engine.
My typical RPM drop ranges from 75 -100. I've had some at only 50 RPM drop.
Click key start and ready to romp.
You had better teachers than me!
I found out later. Pretty much right there on the emissions and tune up stickers on the later cars.
I don't always do it in gear, but I'll always check it in gear. Depends on if I have a wall to put the bumper against.
 
Modern engines pull in 10 or more degrees of ignition advance when going into gear. My 2001 Chevy 8.1 idles at 20 in neutral and 30 in gear. That 10 degree swing keeps the idle exactly the same in or out of gear. And you can’t see a change in the wideband, it might fluctuate 1 or 2 tenths of a point.
 
The modern world of leaner and cleaner!
This is the sort of things that can be done with EFI and computer controlled ignition that really couldn't be done with mechanical systems and vacuum.
 
Interesting thread. some of it makes me feel kinda stooopid. Gonna read it again when I have a minute and hopefully absorb a little more.
 
So you added a richer idle via the two idle mix screws? Any idea what the AF is at idle? Mine seems to make my eyes water when if fires up like it’s plenty rich however I am starting to winder if it in fact needs to be more fat as it no longer fires up on the first crank ever and it did with prior tunes.

The me tuin of masking a lean condition with added advance also is making me think about this tune more.

Does an AF even help with these idle tuning questions?

Richer at idle with the A/F screws, correct.

What I like to do is find a good 'neutral' spot in the tune. If everything is good, then +-2 degrees of timing at idle and +-1/4 turn of the fuel won't make any huge changes to the idle rpm - whether in gear or not. But the tuning to get there should be done warm and in-gear.

The way I get there (and in no way do I think this is the best way) is start low on the idle advance and rpm. Say 10-14 degrees with a near stock engine and 14-16 if there's any amount of cam involved. I start at the lean side of the idle mix. The RPM should go up as you add fuel. I also check that closing the mix screw will cause it to lean out and stumble or run rough and as the screw is opened the idle will continue to rise. Adjust in small increments and if the rpm starts to get too high then back the idle down and start again.
Once I have the idle mix and rpm where I want it, I'll usually use a vacuum pump to tweak the timing a touch and try to bring in 2-3 degrees. If the rpm picks up a whole bunch, then it's probably a touch lean. What 'a whole bunch' means is usully something you learn through doing so before adding more fuel pull the car out of gear and see if the rpm picks up too much. If it gains more than 100-150 rpm, then that kind of indicates the carb is probably too far open because the idle timing is not high enough. So then add a few degrees and do it again. You will start to find the range of idle mixture adjustment and idle timing that yields the best results.
They should be somewhere in a reasonable range, like 1-2.5 turns out on the mix with not a bunch of curb idle adjustment (transition slots should be square or slightly longish - need to remove carb to check, but this is usually within 1-3 turns of curb idle from fully closed) and 15-24 degrees of idle timing. If anything is way out of that area then you may have other things to check like float level or vacuum leaks or cam timing.
 
In one of the links above that Mattax posted has Tuner talking about A/F ratios at idle.

I think some guys are running the engine lean at idle, which causes the engine to miss and it starts stinking at idle.

I need to read it again myself.
 
If you have a Holley 4150 type carb, then the transfer slot needs to be ballpark correct first.
Then the mix screws are for fine tuning the slow idle.
On a really radical engine its usually neccessary to bypass some air to get the idle throttle position. Old school way is to drill holes in the throttle plates. I've done that and still think its fine to do so. But there are other methods used that are clever. One is to crack the secondaries. Another is Bill Jones method one company calls "Idle-eze" but you can do it yourself. Another method is to use the PCV valve.


I can't answer for Phreakish but non-smogged engines idled a lot richer than most people think.
I'll quote Tuner here:
I suppose it sounds crazy nowadays, but before smog tuning started in the mid '60s 5% to 6% CO was a normal idle adjustment for slowest smooth idle.

If we look at the relationship of AFR to CO, 12:1 is just under 6%, and 13:1 is about 4.5% CO.
View attachment 1716404577

That's good for our understanding, but the WBO2 is not to be fully trusted. Especially at idle and especially when combustion is not doing standard predictable things. I agree with "don't tune for a number" Our real goal is to make as good of power as we can at idle rpm.

I think the reason engines need rich mix at idle is that they make very little power. When we put the selector in gear or slip the clutch without touching the throttle, it easily could be close to maximum the engine can produce at that rpm. In fact some engines can't go into gear without stalling unless we open the throttle.

Might be worth looking at some text book info about AFR needs.
[/URL][/URL]

I've tuned for a very lean idle and just found that I didn't like how sensitive it was. Super lean and the engine needs constant tweaking of the idle based on ambient temperature (1/4 turn difference between morning and afternoon). With EFI the idle speed motor just takes care of it, but with a carb it's an issue. A super lean mix will also want a bunch more timing to remain stable, which is one of the reason late model engines run so much advance at idle, but they're also trying to reduce consumption wherever possible - to the point of shutting off when coming to a stop.

Performance cams will also have more internal EGR due to reversion at overlap, which dilutes and leans the mix to a degree. This is one of the reasons checking the plugs while tuning is so important, there are a lot of factors that can cause someone to chase their tail. I love being able to program my spark advance from the driver's seat with my EFI setup, but it also winds up self-adjusting the fuel and idle for me which can cover a lot of sins. I have definitely learned that what I've found works well with my EFI doesn't work so well when I try to replicate it with a mechanical distributor and a carb.
 
I was taught years ago to set ignition timing and tune the carburetor in gear with an auto trans, even with a stock engine.
My typical RPM drop ranges from 75 -100. I've had some at only 50 RPM drop.
Click key start and ready to romp.

Agreed! I read it here first and once I actually did it that way my results were way better. It is also 100x easier to hear and feel the engine respond to minor tweaks. When it's just idling in N with no load it's easy to get lost in the settings and have it 'sound good' but then it either dies in gear or wants to creep hard against the brake pedal.
I did the 'adjust idle mix for best vacuum' in N first and it just wasn't right. But then when I did it in-gear I kept gaining rpm as I richened it and wound up 3/4 of a turn further out and the curb idle closed almost a full turn.
 
Ok taking on one variable at a time before I do anything drastic.
Run new map
Then evaluate
Increase thermostat from 160 to 180
Then evaluate
This while doing a ton of medical tests. So be patient.
 
-
Back
Top Bottom